The piano accordion has quite a complicated structure. When you look at it there are three very obvious main external parts and a number of other important features. Inside the box are the vital reeds and valves that make the actual sounds, but of course you can’t see these without taking the instrument apart. Definitely not recommended unless you really know what you are doing!
When you first start learning how to play accordion you don’t really need to know about all the parts, but I always think that it’s helpful to know a little about the structure of your instrument in order to care for it properly.
The piano accordion has three main parts:

The treble keyboard is positioned on the right hand side of the instrument when you are holding it.This is just the same as a piano keyboard, with black and white keys that have exactly the same names and notes as those on a piano. The number of keys will vary depending on the size of the accordion. The bigger the instrument, the more keys and the wider the variety of tunes that you can play.
The Bass keyboard is on the left side as you hold your accordion. It has a collection of buttons arranged in rows according to families of notes. Each button will play a specific bass note or chord when it is pressed. If you run your fingers along the rows of buttons, you will find that a few of them have a raised area or rough textured mark. This is to help you orientate and find the correct buttons when you are playing.
The Bellows is the bit in the middle, sometimes called the “heart” of the accordion! The bellows are vital. They push air through the reeds that are inside the instrument. It is important to make sure that bellows remain airtight and do not get overstressed or weakened. There will be one or two special straps on the accordion that you use to hold the bellows closed. It is important to make sure these straps are fastened securely when you are not playing.

Additional important parts:
Shoulder Straps: All accordions have two straps that loop over your shoulders so that you can hold the accordion close to your body. It would be impossible to play the instrument without them!
You can also get a third strap that connects the two shoulder straps at the back. This helps to keep the straps in the correct position on your shoulders and prevents them slipping down your arms. It is especially important to use the middle strap if you have a larger accordion as it also helps to keep the weight of the accordion evenly distributed.  This extra strap will often need to be bought separately.
Air button: This is usually found on the side of the bass button board. When you press it, a valve opens that allows the bellows to be operated without sending air through the reeds. This is really important when you want to open or close the bellows without making any sound.
Reeds: The reeds are inside the accordion. They are fixed at one end and free to vibrate at the other end. The sounds made by the accordion are produced when you push the bellows and force air through the reeds, causing them to vibrate. Different notes and chords are made when air is forced through different combinations of reeds as you press different keys and buttons.
Couplers: On most accordions you will find a small number of additional larger keys or buttons just above the keyboard and bass board. These alter the selection of reeds that are played and result in different qualities of sound.
More detailed knowledge of accordion parts is not really necessary in the beginning when you are just starting to learn how to play accordion. As you get more experienced with your instrument, you may wish to know more and can then investigate further.
The piano accordion has quite a complicated structure. When you look at it there are three very obvious main external parts and a number of other important features. Inside the box are the vital reeds and valves that make the actual sounds, but of course you can’t see these without taking the instrument apart. Definitely not recommended unless you really know what you are doing!
When you first start learning how to play accordion you don’t really need to know about all the parts, but I always think that it’s helpful to know a little about the structure of your instrument in order to care for it properly.
The piano accordion has three main parts:

The treble keyboard is positioned on the right hand side of the radca prawny Łódź instrument when you are holding it.This is just the same as a piano keyboard, with black and white keys that have exactly the same names and notes as those on a piano. The number of keys will vary depending on the size of the accordion. The bigger the instrument, the more keys and the wider the variety of tunes that you can play.
The Bass keyboard is on the left side as you hold your accordion. It has a collection of buttons arranged in rows according to families of notes. Each button will play a specific bass note or chord when it is pressed. If you run your fingers along the rows of buttons, you will find that a few of them have a raised area or rough textured mark. This is to help you orientate and find the correct buttons when you are playing.
The Bellows is the bit in the middle, sometimes called the “heart” of the accordion! The bellows are vital. They push air through the reeds that are inside the instrument. It is important to make sure that bellows remain airtight and do not get overstressed or weakened. There will be one or two special straps on the accordion that you use to hold the bellows closed. It is important to make sure these straps are fastened securely when you are not playing.

Additional important parts:
Shoulder Straps: All accordions have two straps that loop over your shoulders so that you can hold the accordion close to your body. It would be impossible to play the instrument without them!
You can also get a third strap that connects the two shoulder straps at the back. This helps to keep the straps in the correct position on your shoulders and prevents them slipping down your arms. It is especially important to use the middle strap if you have a larger accordion as it also helps to keep the weight of the accordion evenly distributed.  This extra strap will often need to be bought separately.
Air button: This is usually found on the side of the bass button board. When you press it, a valve opens that allows the bellows to be operated without sending air through the reeds. This is really important when you want to open or close the bellows without making any sound.
Reeds: The reeds are inside the accordion. They are fixed at one end and free to vibrate at the other end. The sounds made by the accordion are produced when you push the bellows and force air through the reeds, causing them to vibrate. Different notes and chords are made when air is forced through different combinations of reeds as you press different keys and buttons.
Couplers: On most accordions you will find a small number of additional larger keys or buttons just above the keyboard and bass board. These alter the selection of reeds that are played and result in different qualities of sound.
More detailed knowledge of accordion parts is not really necessary in the beginning when you are just starting to learn how to play accordion. As you get more experienced with your instrument, you may wish to know more and can then investigate further.